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Lesson 7 Bats 第七课蝙蝠 by MAURICE BURTON from Curiosities of animal life 7-1. Not all sounds made by animals serve as language, and we have only to turn to that extraordinary discovery of echo-location in bats to see a case in which the voice plays a strictly utilitarian role. 【译文】动物发出的声音并不都起语言作用。我们只需举发现蝙蝠的回声定位这个不同寻常的例子,就能知道声音起着极其实用的作用。 【讲解】Not all sounds…这里否定的是其中一部分,叫部分否定句。all,every,both,always等用于否定结构时不是全部被否定,而是表示其中的一部分被否定。而且英语多半将not置于谓语中。 例如: All is not a gold that glitters.(即Not all that glitters is gold.) 闪闪发光物,未必尽黄金。 Every one cannot write novels.(即Not every one can write novels.) 不是所有的人都能写小说。 I don’t like both of the novels.(即I like only one of the two novels.) 这两本小说我不是都喜欢。 plays a strictly utilitarian role直译为“扮演绝对实用的角色”,可译为“发挥绝对实用的作用”。 【单词和短语】 turn to:求助于;求教于;查阅(to try to get help, advice, or sympathy from sb.), 例如: You can always turn to me for help. 你随时可以来找我帮忙。 utilitarian:实用的(intended to be useful and practical rather than attractive or comfortable), 例如: A good cloth coat is more utilitarian than a fur one. 一件优质的布外衣要比一件毛皮外衣更有用。 另掌握utilitarianism(功利主义)一词。 7-2. To get a full appreciation of what this means we must turn first to some recent human inventions. 【译文】要透彻理解这句话的含义,我们应先回顾人类最近的几项发明。 【讲解】to get a full appreciation of what this means作目的状语,修饰turn。不定式作状语放在句首,比放在后边更要正式,语气较重。what this means是名词性从句,作of的宾语。this指上句we have only to turn…plays a strictly utilitarian role。 【单词和短语】 appreciation:估价;评价;鉴别(an understanding of the importance or meaning of sth), 例如: They are mistaken in their appreciation of the country’s economic conditions. 他们对国家经济形势的判断是错误的。 have a keen appreciation of a joke 能深刻领会一句笑话的妙处 appreciation的动词形式为appreciate,形容词形式为appreciative。 7-3. Everyone knows that if he shouts in the vicinity of a wall or a mountainside, an echo will come back. 【译文】大家都知道,如果有人在墙壁或半山腰附近发出喊声,他就会听到回声。 【单词和短语】 in the vicinity (of sth.):(在……)附近;(与……)接近(in the area around a particular place), 例如: a mansion in the vicinity of the lake 湖滨大厦 His income is in the vicinity of $50,000 他每

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